www.charlesjeromeware.com " Here to make a Difference
Premier defense attorney Charles Jerome Ware is Maryland-based, nationally-recognized and respected, and ranked by his many satisfied landlord clients as well as his legal peers as one of the top lead paint and lead poisoning defense lawyers in the United States. For an initial courtesy consultation, contact Attorney Charles Ware and his staff at (410) 720-6129. They can help you when you are being sued for lead paint and/or lead poisoning.
In about 4000 BC, over 6000 years ago, lead (Pb) became useful in societies, was used plentifully thereafter by the Greeks, Phoenicians, Hebrews, Spaniards and Romans, etc. Lead poisoning ("plumbism") symptoms also appeared, described by the Greek physician Nikander, and were correctly attributed by him to "white lead" (lead carbonate). The Romans were probably the most proficient in their use of in lead cooking utensils, drinking vessels, pipes and other plumbing fixtures, aqueducts, jewelry, food, and even as a sweetener in their wine, etc.
White lead (lead carbonate) has been used in the United States since Colonial times, and it ultimately peaked in its use in 1922.
When lead-based paint was marketed and used before 1978 [the year it was banned for consumer and residential use by the Federal government], it was a legal product in great demand because it was washable and durable. It was repeatedly endorsed by the United States government, state, and local governments, and it was specified for use on government buildings up until the mid-1970s.
In 1951, Baltimore banned the use of lead pigment for use in interior residential properties.
In 1970, the "level of concern" for lead in blood is set at 60 micrograms of lead per deciliter of blood.
In 1971, the Federal Lead-Based Paint Poisoning Prevention Act, 42 USC 4822 (PL 91-965) was enacted, which mandated inspection of Federal housing for lead paint hazards, notification to tenants and hazards abatement. Use of lead-based paint of Federal housing, toys, furniture or cooking utensils was also banned ( 42 USC 4831).
In 1975, the blood lead level of concern was lowered by the Federal government to 30 micrograms per deciliter.
In 1977, the Consumer Product Safety Commission banned the interstate sale of lead-based paint for residential use.
In 1985, the blood lead level of was lowered to 25 micrograms per deciliter.
In 1986, the Safe Drinking Water Act Amendments (PL 99-339) imposed a ban on the use of lead in new plumbing and plumbing repairs.
In 1988, the Lead Contamination Control Act (PL 100-572) amended the Safe Drinking Water Act, requiring testing for lead levels in drinking water in schools, and recalled all water coolers containing lead tanks, valves, or parts.
Also in 1988, Amendments were added to the Lead-Based Paint Poisoning Prevention Act [the McKinney Act] which shifted emphasis from identifying and treating the lead-poisoned child to detection and remediation of lead-based paint. The amendments considered any and all lead-based paint as actionable hazards, regardless of condition, or inaccessibility of painted surfaces to children.
In 1990, the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 banned the manufacture of engines that burn leaded fuel after 1992, and the manufacture of leaded gasoline was to end by 1994.
Also in 1990, HUD guidelines for public housing defined paint containing 1 milligram of lead per square centimeter of area as "lead-based paint".
In 1991, the Centers for Disease control (CDC) lowered the lead level of concern to 10 - 15 micrograms per deciliter; and also in 1991, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) c"called" for a ban on lead foil capsules on wine bottles.
In 1992, the Federal Lead-Based Paint Exposure Reduction Act, commonly known as TITLE 10, was enacted, requiring landlord notices to residential rental tenants, etc.
In 1993, OSHA promulgated regulations covering lead (Pb) safety and exposure limits for construction activities, etc.
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